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Sizes
of Photographs
Enlargements
were not a feature of early photographic processes. The size of
the final photo was the same as that of the negative or photographic
plate.
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Ambrotypes and Tintypes |
Ambrotypes and Tintypes would usually be a fraction
of a whole-plate glass size.
Tintype sizes
(inches):
|
Full-plate |
6½" x 8½" |
|
Half-plate |
4½" x 5½"
(See NOTE below) |
|
1/4 plate |
3 1/8" x 4 1/8"(See
NOTE below) |
|
1/6 plate |
2 ½" x 3 ½" |
|
1/9 plate |
2" x 2 ½" |
|
1/16 plate |
1
5/8" x 2 1/8" |
|
Gem |
½" x 1" |
NOTE: The sizes quoted above
for half-plate and quarter-plate are a little different from 'normal'
glass plate sizes. I don't know why.
Half-plate and whole plate sizes for glass
plates are the appropriate proportions of whole-plate. i.e.
- 6.5 ins x
4.25 ins
(half-plate)
-
4.25 ins x
3.25 ins
(quarter-plate)
|
from
1850s |
|
Small
The smaller tintype photos that I have seen are
1 ½" x 2 ½" and
½" x 1"
In both cases, they have been mounted
on trade cards 4 x 2 ½
ins. |
|
Large
I have also received an email from a collector in London
who has a photograph of a young girl with dress, ear rings and rings
painted over the original photo.
It is a tintype measuring 13 ins x 10 ins.
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|
Boudoir
Prints |
8.5
ins x 5.25 ins |
from
when? |
|
Cabinet
Prints |
Portraits
In the 19th century, studio
portraits were usually produced as either cartes de visite (the smaller
size) or cabinet prints (the larger size).
Prices for multiple copies
were affordable and 19th century photograph albums were usually designed
so that these sizes of photo could be slotted into them.
Size
Cabinet prints were 5.5
ins x 4 ins photos
mounted on cards 6.5 x 4.25 ins. with
the photographer's name and address on the back of the card (or
occasionally below the photo on the front of the card.
Here are some examples of cabinet print
portraits |
from
1866 |
|
Cabinet
size |
Views
Cabinet size views were 8ins x 6 ins.
They were collected and mounted in albums in the 19th century.
Albums can still be found, often containing views by Valentine of Dundee
and George Washington Wilson of Aberdeen.
Valentine sold their cabinet size views for a shilling (£0.05) each.
[Roddy Simpson]
From the start of the 20th century,
views were normally sold as postcards by Valentine and others. |
from mid- 1860s |
|
Cartes
de Visite |
Small Portraits
In the 19th century, studio
portraits were usually produced as either cartes de visite (the smaller
size) or cabinet prints (the larger size).
Photograph albums were
usually designed so that these sizes of photo could be slotted into them.
Size
Cartes de visite 3.5 ins x
2.25 ins photos
mounted on trade cards
4.125 ins x 2.5 ins.
Cartes de visite were:
- invented by
Count Olympe Aguado
- patented by
AAE Disderi, France, 1854.
They enabled
4, 6 or 10 different image to be exposed on
a single glass plate.
Most cartes de visites were used for
portraits |
from 1853
See
Dates |
|
The Price of Cartes de Visite
A photographer of high standing might have charged 10s
6d (£0.525) for a dozen for cartes de visite.
But some photographers charged only 6d (£0.025) per
dozen, so bringing photographs within the reach of a far wider audience.
[Ref: Dr Ralph W Rimmer FRPS in an
article entitled Poverty: A Subject for Photography: The
PhotoHistorian, Sep 2003, pp.5-7] |
Materials for Cartes de Visite
An advert was placed in the British Journal of
Photography Almanac in the early 1860s by The London Stereoscopic Co, 55
Cheapside, London.
It offered:
- Highly albumenised paper (the same as used by
the artists of the company): 12s per quire
- Cards, plain white best quality: 10s per
1,000
- Ditto with address lithographed on the back:
21s per 1,000 (first 1,000) then 17s per 1,000. |
|
Coupon
Prints |
3.5
ins x 1.5 ins
produced
in strips |
Edwardian |
|
Glass Plates
for wet collodion |
The
largest plate made in America was 18 x 22 ins, derived from the largest
size of Albumen paper that could be bought from France.
(In
the 1860s, there were no enlargers, so all prints were contact prints.
Carleton Watkins had a camera specially made to take 18 x 22 ins plates.
His views of Yosemite are recommended.)
[Ken Watson] |
|
|
Imperial Prints
IMP |
9.875
ins x 6.875 ins |
from when? |
|
Imperial
Size |
Photographs
measuring 12ins x 8ins, sold by Valentine for two shillings (£0.10) each.
[Roddy Simpson] |
from mid- 1860s |
|
This size was referred to as 'very long
cabinet style photographs' in Marcel Safier's
comments about
photograph albums |
from 1890s |
|
Minette |
Minettes were photos about 1.5
ins x 2.5 ins mounted on cards 1.625 ins x 3 ins.
Minettes are mentioned
Marcel Safier's comments about
photograph albums |
from 1870s |
|
Panel
Prints |
5.25
ins x 1.75 ins
OR
8.25 ins x 4 ins |
early
1900s |
|
Paris Panels |
This size was
referred to as 'very long cabinet style photographs' in
Marcel Safier's comments about
photograph albums
Marcel says that they were more suited to framing than
photograph albums. |
from 1890s |
|
Photograph Albums |
Here are some observations on
photograph albums and the size of prints
they were designed to hold in the late-Victorian era. |
1860s to 1900 |
|
Plates |
8.5
ins x 6.5 ins
(whole plate)
OR
6.5 ins x
4.75 ins
(half-plate) [See NOTE below)
4.25 ins x
3.25 ins
(quarter-plate)
NOTE: The sizes quoted above are the sizes of
half-plate photographic papers that I used to buy. In particular, this
half-plate size is a little longer than half of a whole plate.
I presume that paper was sold
in this size (rather than 6.5 ins x
4.25 ins) to keep the paper
approximately in the same proportions as for whole-plate and quarter plate
photos. i.e. with the long side about 1.3 x the short side.
However, half-plate glass plates would have been cut by
cutting a whole-plate sheet of glass into two, so I expect that these
would have been 6.5 ins x
4.25 ins.
Half-plate negatives were presumably made to fit into
cameras designed for half-plate glass slides so I these may well have also
been 6.5 ins x
4.25 ins.
Whole-plate sheets of glass were also cut into smaller sizes including 1/6th plate, 1/9th-plate,
1/12th plate. |
Victorian, Edwardian
and later |
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Polyfotos |
Polyfotos were popular in the
1950s - 48 different small photos, often of children,
were contact printed onto a single sheet, then the best would be chosen to be
enlarged.
This
Science & Society web site has examples of Polyfotos. |
c.1950s |
|
Post
Cards |
An international postcard craze developed following the Paris Exhibition
in 1889. Court
Cards: 4.5 ins x 3.5
ins
From
1899: 5.25 ins x
3.25 ins
More
recently: Also larger
cards |
from
1894
UK |
|
Promenade
Prints |
7
ins x 4 ins |
from
1875 |
|
Roll
Film |
Early roll film: 2.5
ins Eastman circular negatives
(1888)
Popular roll film from the
early 1900s onwards. 2
ins x 1 ins
(120) for Kodak Brownie 1900 3.25 ins x
2.25 ins
(120) for Brownie2 - 1901/2
120 film is still sold today and used to
expose 8 negatives 3.25 ins x 2.25 ins or 12 negatives 2.25 ins x 2.25
ins.
220 film is also sold. It is
similar to 120 but twice as long. 2.5 ins x
1.625 ins
(8 exposures)
OR
1.625 ins x
1.625 ins
(12 exposures (127 film) 1912
Larger film for early folding cameras from 1890s included: 4.25
ins x 3.25 ins
(quarter plate)
5.5
ins x 3.25 ins
(post card) Some
smaller negative sizes were introduced in the 1930s, once enlarging had
become more widespread. These included: 2.25 ins x
1.25 ins
and 1.5 ins x 1.25 ins
©
Here is a camera introduced in 1895 that was designed to
work with either film or slide. |
1888 |
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Stereo
Cards |
Pairs
of photos, each 3
ins x 3 ins
mounted on card 7
ins x 3.25 ins
OR mounted on card 7
ins x 3.25 ins |
from 1854
Europe
from c.1859
USA
IMP |
|
Victoria Prints
IMP |
Photos
3.5 ins
x 5 ins
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from
1870s |
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Wallet Size Prints
IMP |
Browsing through the
internet tells me that 'wallet size' is a term used for photos
between about
3 ins
x 2 ins
and
3.5 ins
x2.5 ins
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current |
|
Coloured Prints
7 ins long |
© |
Please click
this link to see these
Panoramic Images
|
early 1900s |
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS:
1. Much of the detail above
has been taken from
Dating Old Photographs.- a very useful booklet which also looks
at fashion and other means of dating early photos.
2. IMP: Details were originally Published
By George Eastman House, Rochester, New York (Now: International Museum Of
Photography)
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